Nature And Significance of Management
1) What do you mean by management?
ans : Management has been defined as the art of getting things done through others. It refers to the process of planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling. According to Harold Koontz, " Management is the art of getting things done through other individual in formally organized groups"
2) What are the objectives of management?
ans: The objectives of management are :-
a)Goal oriented:
The first function of management is planning, which help to determine the goal of an organization and other functions of management such as staffing, directing and controlling which help to achieve pre - determined goal .
b)Reduce cost:
The management help to reduce the cost by proper utilization of organizational resources such as man, material and money. Thus management help in reducing the cost .
c)Effective motivation:
In the absence of management, the working in an organization may be random and hazards. Management creates teamwork and motivate employees to work harder.
d)Social welfare:
The management help in commitment of business towards society. It is the duty of a business to provide services for the welfare of the society.
3) What are the feature of management?
ans: The feature of management are :-
a) Goal oriented : ( objective of management )
b) Management is all pervasive :
Management is all pervasive because it is accepted in all types of organization such as trading - non trading organization, economic - non economic organizations etc. It is also applicable in all levels of management such as top level, middle level and lower level of management.
c) Management is intangible :
Management is intangible because we can't see it or touch it but we can feel it through the performance of the employees.
d) Group activity :
Management is an essential part of a group activity. As no one individual can satisfy their needs alone thus they work in a group in order to achieve organizational goal.
4) Describe the various levels of management in a business organization?
ans : A level of management is an important part of an organization, they maintains the responsibility of productivity and performance of employees. The management help to achieve the goal in an effective manner.
There are three levels of management , such as top level, middle level and lower level of management, which are discussed below :-
A) Top level management :
Top level management is the first level of management which consist of board 0f director, chairmen, managing director. Generally top level management are responsible for the welfare of an organization.
The function of top level management are :
a) To determine the goal of an organization.
b) To establish the rules and regulation of organization.
B) Middle level management :
Middle level of management is consist of departments, divisions, in which the managers are concern with the task created and established by top level of management.
The functions of middle level of management are :
a) To implement the task setup by top level of management.
b) To interpret the policies formed by top level of management.
c) To issue instruction to the lower level of management.
C) Lower level of management:
The lower level of management is also known as the supervisory level of management, in which supervisors and other like sells officer, account officer took the responsibility developed by middle level management.
The functions of lower level management are :
a) To maintain the order developed by middle level of management.
b) To provide training to the worker.
5) Why coordination is regarded as the essence of management?
ans : Coordination is the process of orderly arrangement of group efforts to provide unity of action in the process of achieving organizational goal. Coordination is not a separate function of management, it is based on all other function of management such as planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling.
Coordination is regarded as the essence of management because of following reasons :-
a) Planning : In planning coordination is required between the main plan and supportive plan in different department.
b) Organizing : In organizing coordination is required between the various resources of organization and also between authority, responsibility and accountability.
c) Staffing :In staffing coordination is required between the skill of an individual and the job assigned to him between efficiency and compensation.
d) Directing : In directing coordination is required between superior and subordinate between order, guidelines, etc.
e) Controlling :In controlling coordination is required between standards and actual performance.
6) Why management is considered as both science and art ? explain.
ans : Management is considered as both science as well as art because of following reasons :-
a) Like science, management has systematic and well defined body of knowledge.
And like art, management requires personal skill, creativity to apply such knowledge in the best possible way.
b) The science of management provides certain principle that can guide the manager.
while, the art of management help to tackle with every situation faced by the manager.
c) Planning, organizing emphasize the science of management.
While, communication, motivation emphasize the art of management.
7) Give the reasons to support management as profession .
ans : There are some reasons to support management as a profession :
a) Specialized knowledge :
A profession must have systematic body of knowledge that can be used for the development of professionals.
b) Formal education and training :
There are number of institutions, universities to impart education and training for a profession.
c) service motive :
Profession is a source of life hood but professionals are primarily motivate to provide services for the welfare of the society.
d) Code of conduct :
Members of a profession must have to maintain by a code of conduct which contains certain rules, regulation, policies, etc.
ans : Management has been defined as the art of getting things done through others. It refers to the process of planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling. According to Harold Koontz, " Management is the art of getting things done through other individual in formally organized groups"
2) What are the objectives of management?
ans: The objectives of management are :-
a)Goal oriented:
The first function of management is planning, which help to determine the goal of an organization and other functions of management such as staffing, directing and controlling which help to achieve pre - determined goal .
b)Reduce cost:
The management help to reduce the cost by proper utilization of organizational resources such as man, material and money. Thus management help in reducing the cost .
c)Effective motivation:
In the absence of management, the working in an organization may be random and hazards. Management creates teamwork and motivate employees to work harder.
d)Social welfare:
The management help in commitment of business towards society. It is the duty of a business to provide services for the welfare of the society.
3) What are the feature of management?
ans: The feature of management are :-
a) Goal oriented : ( objective of management )
b) Management is all pervasive :
Management is all pervasive because it is accepted in all types of organization such as trading - non trading organization, economic - non economic organizations etc. It is also applicable in all levels of management such as top level, middle level and lower level of management.
c) Management is intangible :
Management is intangible because we can't see it or touch it but we can feel it through the performance of the employees.
d) Group activity :
Management is an essential part of a group activity. As no one individual can satisfy their needs alone thus they work in a group in order to achieve organizational goal.
4) Describe the various levels of management in a business organization?
ans : A level of management is an important part of an organization, they maintains the responsibility of productivity and performance of employees. The management help to achieve the goal in an effective manner.
There are three levels of management , such as top level, middle level and lower level of management, which are discussed below :-
A) Top level management :
Top level management is the first level of management which consist of board 0f director, chairmen, managing director. Generally top level management are responsible for the welfare of an organization.
The function of top level management are :
a) To determine the goal of an organization.
b) To establish the rules and regulation of organization.
B) Middle level management :
Middle level of management is consist of departments, divisions, in which the managers are concern with the task created and established by top level of management.
The functions of middle level of management are :
a) To implement the task setup by top level of management.
b) To interpret the policies formed by top level of management.
c) To issue instruction to the lower level of management.
C) Lower level of management:
The functions of lower level management are :
a) To maintain the order developed by middle level of management.
b) To provide training to the worker.
5) Why coordination is regarded as the essence of management?
ans : Coordination is the process of orderly arrangement of group efforts to provide unity of action in the process of achieving organizational goal. Coordination is not a separate function of management, it is based on all other function of management such as planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling.
Coordination is regarded as the essence of management because of following reasons :-
a) Planning : In planning coordination is required between the main plan and supportive plan in different department.
b) Organizing : In organizing coordination is required between the various resources of organization and also between authority, responsibility and accountability.
c) Staffing :In staffing coordination is required between the skill of an individual and the job assigned to him between efficiency and compensation.
d) Directing : In directing coordination is required between superior and subordinate between order, guidelines, etc.
e) Controlling :In controlling coordination is required between standards and actual performance.
6) Why management is considered as both science and art ? explain.
ans : Management is considered as both science as well as art because of following reasons :-
a) Like science, management has systematic and well defined body of knowledge.
And like art, management requires personal skill, creativity to apply such knowledge in the best possible way.
b) The science of management provides certain principle that can guide the manager.
while, the art of management help to tackle with every situation faced by the manager.
c) Planning, organizing emphasize the science of management.
While, communication, motivation emphasize the art of management.
7) Give the reasons to support management as profession .
ans : There are some reasons to support management as a profession :
a) Specialized knowledge :
A profession must have systematic body of knowledge that can be used for the development of professionals.
b) Formal education and training :
There are number of institutions, universities to impart education and training for a profession.
c) service motive :
Profession is a source of life hood but professionals are primarily motivate to provide services for the welfare of the society.
d) Code of conduct :
Members of a profession must have to maintain by a code of conduct which contains certain rules, regulation, policies, etc.
very good...keep it up
ReplyDeletewell done.....
ReplyDeleteAwesome notes I like it
ReplyDeleteWaah..creative thinking
ReplyDeleteMy first publication...may it help others...thank you
ReplyDeleteI appreciate your effort!! Good. Keep it up
Delete